Recovering Damages From a Drugged Driver Wreck in Tahlequah, OK
Drugs are involved in more fatal crashes than alcohol in many recent studies. Drug-impaired driving claims face challenges DUI cases don’t. Defense strategies leverage these complications. An attorney familiar with these complex cases builds these cases around the actual evidence available.
Drugged Driving Isn’t Just Illegal Drugs
The widespread misunderstanding is that drug impairment requires illegal substances. Not at all.
Prescription Medications
Many prescription medications impair driving. Examples include:
- Pain medications
- Benzodiazepines (Xanax, Valium, Ativan, Klonopin)
- Prescription sleep aids
- Muscle relaxants (Soma, Flexeril, Robaxin)
- Mental health prescriptions
- Allergy medications
- Stimulant medications
- Migraine treatments
- Anti-seizure medications
Over-the-Counter Medications
OTC drugs frequently cause impairment:
- First-generation antihistamines
- Dextromethorphan (DXM) in cough medicines
- Diphenhydramine-based sleep aids
- Motion sickness medications
Recreational Drugs
Drugs of abuse include marijuana (including legal recreational/medical marijuana), cocaine, meth, illegal opioids, hallucinogenic substances, synthetic substances, ketamine and PCP, and huffing-type drugs.
Why Drugged Driving Cases Are Harder to Prove Than DUI Cases
No Equivalent of the .08 BAC Standard
Alcohol has a per se threshold. For drugs, no equivalent standard exists for most substances. Marijuana per se laws exist in some states, but these are controversial because THC metabolism doesn’t track impairment well.
For non-alcohol substances generally, impairment must be demonstrated.
Detection Difficulties
Blood and urine tests can detect drug presence, but detection of presence doesn’t equal proof of impairment.
Marijuana metabolites can be detected for days or weeks after use. This complicates proof in marijuana-related cases.
Other drugs have varying detection windows. Some drugs disappear quickly, some last longer in the system.
Testing Isn’t Routine
Police officers routinely test for alcohol after crashes. Drug testing isn’t always conducted. Without testing, the case must be built from other evidence.
Drug Recognition Experts (DREs)
Drug-recognition trained officers can identify drug impairment through systematic evaluation. DRE-conducted observations support drug impairment findings when conducted. DRE availability varies.
Defense Challenges
Defense routinely attacks drug impairment evidence:
- “Detected metabolites prove drugs were used at some point, not that the driver was impaired”
- Testing methodology challenges
- Prescription drug defenses
- Temporal challenges
How These Cases Get Built
Toxicology Evidence
When blood, urine, or other testing occurred, the toxicology becomes central evidence.
Important caveat, presence alone isn’t sufficient. Expert toxicologists provide the scientific foundation for impairment proof.
Observable Impairment
Driver behavior at the scene are often case-defining.
These markers include:
- Slurred speech
- Glassy or bloodshot eyes
- Coordination problems
- Behavioral indicators
- Sedation signs
- Erratic driving patterns observed before the crash
- SFST failures
- Physical impairment markers
Pre-Crash Driving Behavior
Pre-crash driving descriptions help establish impairment. Erratic lane keeping, slow reactions, unusual stopping or starting can support impairment findings.
Criminal Charges
Criminal charges against the driver provide powerful evidence. Adjudicated criminal cases may create issue preclusion.
Driver Statements and Admissions
Driver admissions carry substantial weight.
Medical Records
Healthcare documentation can show relevant drug history.
Vehicle Evidence
Items in the driver’s possession provide direct evidence of drug use.
Punitive Damages and Drugged Driving
These cases often involve egregious conduct supporting punitive damages. The decision to drive while drugged typically supports gross negligence findings.
These damages can transform case value in serious drugged driving cases.
Common Insurance Defenses
“There’s No Proof of Impairment”
Defense counsel’s primary argument. Presence-without-impairment defense.
“The Medication Was Taken as Prescribed”
Where prescription drugs were involved, “Doctor-prescribed and taken correctly”. Following a prescription doesn’t preclude impairment-based liability. Legal prescription use can still cause impairment.
“Comparative Fault”
Defense pushes shared-fault arguments.
“The Crash Wasn’t Caused by Drug Impairment”
Causation defenses. Expert analysis defeats causation challenges.
Critical Steps After a Drugged Driving Crash
Get the Police Report
Get the official report. Note impairment observations.
Document Witness Observations
Witnesses who observed the other driver’s behavior may be the key proof.
Preserve the Vehicle Evidence
Items found in the other driver’s vehicle can build the impairment case.
Document Driver Statements
Driver admissions.
Photograph the Scene
Photograph everything relevant.
Get Medical Attention Immediately
Prompt medical evaluation protects against later disputes.
Track the Criminal Case
The criminal proceedings provides important evidence.
Don’t Wait to Get Legal Help
These cases involve time-sensitive evidence.
Damages Available
These claims can pursue the typical categories plus enhanced damages:
- Past and future medical expenses
- Past and future income loss
- Diminished earning capacity
- Vehicle repair or replacement
- Loss of enjoyment of life
- Compensation for fatal crashes
- Exemplary damages — frequently significant in these cases
Dram Shop and Third-Party Liability
In some cases involving prescription drugs, there may be third-party liability. Healthcare providers who prescribed medications without adequate warnings about driving can implicate the prescribing physician.
Attorney Costs
Counsel handling these cases work on contingency. Case reviews cost nothing. Expert witness costs can be significant paid by the firm and recovered at resolution.
Move Quickly
Toxicology evidence can be lost over time. Investigation records become harder to obtain. The legal time limit continues to run. Engaging counsel right away positions the claim for the full recovery these cases can produce.