Recovering Damages From a Trip-and-Fall Injury in McAlester, OK
People confuse trips and slips, but they aren’t the same legal claim. The cause is different, the injury pattern is different, and the legal arguments are different. A McAlester trip-and-fall attorney treats the case for what it actually is.
Trip-and-Fall vs. Slip-and-Fall
People treat the two as synonyms, though the underlying physics and resulting injuries differ significantly.
Mechanics
A slip is loss of friction. People land on their backs, hips, or tailbones.
A trip is an unexpected stop of the foot. The body falls in the direction of travel.
Injury Patterns
The injuries from each type differ significantly.
Trip injuries tend to include:
- Distal radius (Colles’) fractures
- Facial fractures and dental injuries
- Patellar fractures and meniscal tears
- Hip fractures, especially in older adults
- Shoulder injuries from bracing
- Traumatic brain injury from face-first impact
- Hand fractures
What Causes Trip-and-Falls?
Trips have characteristic causes:
Sidewalks and Walkways
- Uneven concrete sections (often called “trip ledges”)
- Pavement damage
- Roots lifting sections of sidewalk
- Improper transitions between surfaces
Interior Hazards
- Loose or torn carpet edges
- Damaged or missing floor tiles
- Single risers without warning
- Raised thresholds
- Items left in walkways
- Cable runs across walking surfaces
- Floor mat edges
Outdoor and Parking Lot Hazards
- Misplaced wheel stops
- Speed humps in pedestrian paths
- Drainage grates with gaps
- Asphalt damage
- Curb transitions
Construction-Related
- Materials left in walkways
- Missing warnings
- Temporary surface problems
What You Need to Prove
The proof requirements track standard premises liability:
A Dangerous Condition Existed
The condition must be unreasonably dangerous. Some areas have minimum height standards. Tiny defects may not support a case in some jurisdictions, while anything over an inch typically does.
The Property Owner Had Notice
Awareness of the hazard is essential.
Unlike a fresh spill, trip hazards are typically not transient. Slip hazards can be momentary. Trip hazards — uplifted sidewalks, cracked floors, raised thresholds — usually develop over weeks, months, or years. Demonstrating the owner should have known is typically straightforward.
The Hazard Caused the Fall
Causation must be established. Defense counsel may dispute this when the cause isn’t immediately apparent.
Damages
Actual injuries must be documented.
Specific Defenses You’ll Face
“Open and Obvious”
The dominant defense argument. Insurers say the hazard was obvious. The doctrine has limits in many circumstances, especially when distractions made the hazard less obvious.
“Comparative Fault”
Insurers argue the plaintiff wasn’t watching where they were walking. Comparative negligence may cut damages, they typically allow recovery to continue.
“Minor Variation in Walking Surfaces Is Expected”
Defense counsel claims minor variations don’t support liability. The success of this argument depends on the specific dimensions.
“Comparative Knowledge”
Defense argues the plaintiff had previously navigated the area. This argument has weaknesses.
Critical Steps After a Trip-and-Fall
Photograph the Hazard Immediately
The hazard will likely be fixed quickly. Photos showing the dimensions of the hazard are essential.
Report the Fall Before You Leave
Make sure a record is created. If no record is made, the property owner may deny the fall happened.
Get Witness Information
Anyone present when the fall occurred strengthen the case significantly.
Document Other Falls at the Same Location
Other fall reports prove the hazard was known. Your attorney can pursue this through discovery.
Get Medical Attention Quickly
Symptoms often develop later. Quick medical attention creates the medical record insurers need to see.
Who Can Be Liable?
Different defendants emerge based on the property type:
- Residential property owners where falls occur on private property
- Retailers and service businesses for falls on their premises
- Property managers for common areas in rental properties
- Government entities for falls on public sidewalks, parks, or government property — requiring special claim procedures
- Construction companies for construction-related trip hazards
- Companies hired for property upkeep where service failures contributed
Damages Available
Trip-and-fall damages past and future medical care, ongoing care for permanent injuries, lost wages, reduced ability to work, non-economic damages, and impact on relationships where applicable.
Attorney Fees
Premises liability lawyers charge no upfront fees. Case reviews cost nothing.
Time Matters
Trip hazards get fixed quickly once a claim is filed. Without photographs taken at the time, the case can become very difficult to prove. Camera evidence gets overwritten on retention cycles. OK’s statute of limitations with shorter timelines for some defendants creates time pressure. Getting an attorney involved fast maximizes what these cases can recover.